Types of hydraulic motors

A hydraulic motor – це механізм, що перетворює гідравлічну енергію (тиск) в механічну (крутний момент). A hydraulic motorи відносяться до гідромашин об’ємного типу.

Main technical parameters of hydraulic motors

Displacement (specific delivery) is the volume of fluid that must pass through the hydraulic motor for its shaft to make one full 360° revolution.
Working pressure,
Torque,
Rotation speed,

Types of hydraulic motors

• Gear hydraulic motors;
• Gerotor hydraulic motors;
• Vane hydraulic motors;
• Radial-piston motors;
• Bent-axis axial-piston hydraulic motors;
• Swashplate axial-piston hydraulic motors;
• Multi-stroke axial-piston hydraulic motors;
• Linear hydraulic motors (hydraulic cylinders);

Let’s look at the types of hydraulic motors in more detail.

Gear hydraulic motors work very similarly to gear pumps; the difference is the function performed, namely rotating the shaft by fluid pressure acting on the gears, whereas in a pump the gears create pressure to move the fluid. Hydraulic pumps also have a line for draining fluid from the bearing area.
Gear hydraulic motors використовуються, коли технічні параметри не перевищують до 5000 об / хв і тиску до 200 bar.
The advantage of gear hydraulic motors is their simple design and operation, while the drawback is a fairly low efficiency (around 0.9)

Gerotor hydraulic motors emerged as an improvement on gear hydraulic motors. Their advantage is high torque in a compact size, while the drawback is a pressure limit of up to 21 MPa.
Vane hydraulic motors come in single-acting and double-acting designs. Single-acting types can be reversible and variable, while double-acting ones are most often non-reversible and fixed. Because of their design, these types of hydraulic motors have not found wide application.
Their advantages are low noise and modest fluid cleanliness requirements, while the drawbacks are the difficulty of sealing the vanes and low efficiency.

Radial-piston hydraulic motors are often used to drive augers handling poorly flowing materials such as concrete and clay mixtures, thanks to very high torque that can reach 32,000 Nm at pressures up to 35 MPa and shaft speeds up to 2000 rpm. By design these motors are single-acting and multi-acting. Their advantages are high torque and adjustable displacement, while the drawbacks are a complex design that often rules out repair, and high cost.

Axial-piston hydraulic motors with a bent axis derive from rotary-piston hydraulic machines, with an axial arrangement of the cylinders, i.e. the cylinders are positioned at an angle around the axis of rotation.
A hydraulic motorи аксіально-поршневого типу часто використовуються в мобільних конструкціях, спец і сільгосптехніки для управління навісним обладнанням: підйомно-розвантажувальними механізмами, сівалки, жатками, ковшами і т.д.
The advantages of this type are operation at high pressure and adjustable displacement, while the drawbacks are high cost and a complex design.

Axial-piston hydraulic motors with a swashplate have become popular thanks to the ability to work at high pressure, delivering high torque with high efficiency.

Multi-stroke axial-piston hydraulic motors, thanks to their compact design and high pressure ratings, are often used in the hydrostatic transmissions of travelling machines (quarry cranes). The advantage of these types is operation at pressures up to 350 bar, while the drawback is a low shaft speed.

Linear hydraulic motors or hydraulic cylinders are positive-displacement hydraulic actuators that perform linear reciprocating movements. Our company manufactures various types of hydraulic cylinders. You can review the technical capabilities and submit a request for a price calculation on the page “Hydraulic cylinder manufacturing”.

Our company provides complete supplies of hydraulic equipment: hydraulic cylinders, high-pressure hoses (HP hoses), power units, hydraulic seals, hydraulic motors and directional valves. You can submit a request or contact a manager on the page “Power hydraulics”